The Tash-Rabat was built in the 15th century on the site of a more ancient Christian monastery from the 9th to 10th centuries. There are two versions of its occurrence. Historians and archaeologists argue who, when, and why built this stone building.
Some people think that the Tash-Rabat is a medieval transshipment base of trade caravans on the Great Silk Road. Others think that this building is a testimony of the monastery of Nestorian Christians. Both versions have the right to exist, because in the Middle Ages, traders and wandering monks walked on the same paths.
Perhaps when the Islamic religion finally settled in Central Asia, the monastery began to decline. Then it began to serve as a caravanserai on the Great Silk Road. This circumstance did not allow the temple to turn into ruins.
It is believed that the Tash-Rabat was a key point in the passage of caravans through the Tien-Shan, as not only provided shelter for merchants, but also served as a fortification during the robbers raids. Trade caravans were sent from China to the cities of the Fergana Valley through the Tash-Rabat.